Basic Emulsion System Structure
Mainstream products typically feature either oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion structures. These are essentially suspension-emulsion systems containing dispersed powders; they leverage the compatibility of pigments with glycerin and water. While separation may occur upon standing, the mixture returns to a uniform state after shaking.
Layered Functional Structure
Many high-quality products utilize multi-layered functional structures-such as the "three-phase sustained-release system" found in the "Little Gold Jar" foundation: the outer phase employs volatile silicone oil for instant film formation; the middle phase uses encapsulated particles for protection; and the inner phase contains moisturizing factors that slowly release nutrients. Some skincare-infused foundations also construct a biomimetic sebum film structure, simulating the lipid composition of the human stratum corneum to lock in moisture for extended periods.
Powder Dispersion Structure
The powders undergo refined modification-incorporating materials like synthetic fluorphlogopite and porous silica-to ensure uniform dispersion within the base. Some products utilize a dual-spherical silica powder structure, which balances effective coverage with a lightweight, breathable finish, preventing the sensation of clogged or suffocated skin.
